主谓一致规则详解及其应用

主谓一致是指句子中的主语与谓语动词在数和人称上保持一致的原则。以下是一些主要类别及示例：

**一、语法意义的一致性**
**1. 单数主语**
- **单位量词表示的抽象概念或个体**:
- *Two dollars suffices.*
- *Two meters is considerable in length.*
- *Two kilos seems hefty.*
- *Twenty-one counts as a large number.*
- *The United States is a vast nation.*
**2. 非谓语动词作主语**
- *Reading books benefits you.*
- *Mastering English is essential.*
**3. 不定代词**
- *None is present.*

**4. 特殊表达方式**
- *Many a singer has graced this stage.*
- *More than one lad possesses the tome.*
- *Not only one, but several lads do household chores.*
- *One and a half apples remain unclaimed.*
- *A couple of boys have visited.*
**二、谓语动词的复数形式**
**1. 集体名词**
- *The police are hot on the thief's trail.*
**2. 专有名词与特定形容词组合**
- *The Himalayas is an immense mountain range.*
- *The wealthy are gathered here.*
- *The Chinese excel as a people.*
**三、特殊情形**
- **分数、百分比或量词+名词结构**
- *Three-fourths of the books lie here.*
- *Quantities of books abound.*
- *Majority are assembled.*
- *This genre of literature is commendable.*
- *My pants are soaked.*
- *A solitary pair of pants, however, is dampened.*
- *Two plus two equals four.*
- *One out of my blue books stands out.*
- *Merely one of my books is blue.*
- *All but Tom, who remains at home, attend school.*
**四、意义一致性**
**1. 同一主语的不同描述**
- *He is both her brother and confidant.*
- *Her brother and companion are present.*
- *Many a boy and girl delight in reading.*
- *Novelty often comes across as peculiar.*
- *The household is engrossed in television viewing.*
- *The family they constitute is joyous.*
- *China boasts a population of one billion.*
- *Two-thirds of the residents reside here.*
- *No student is around.*
- *No milk remains here.*
- *Neither volume appeals to me.*
- *Fifty books compose the collection.*
- *Numerous books are scattered about.*
- *Your classroom sees an average of ten daily gamers.*
- *The average of eight and fourteen is eleven.*
- *This factory is mammoth.*
- *Many factories display substantial size.*
- *What I seek is your specific book.*
- *The array of volumes I desire is significant.*
- *Both what I crave and what I must learn hold paramount importance.*
- *His success, by virtue of how and why it transpired, makes for a lengthy tale.*
- *Finding him, in terms of when and where, poses a quandary.*
**五、就近原则**

- **关联词引导的并列结构**
- *Not only...but also...: Both elements agree grammatically with the nearest subject.*
- *Neither...nor...: Agreement follows the same rule.*
- *Not...but...: The verb agrees with the nearer noun.*
- *There be: The verb 'be' matches the noun closest to it.*